☰

A growing body of research has documented the utility of magnetic resonance imaging technologies to support in vivo examination of brain organization and function in the nonhuman primate. Recent efforts have not only demonstrated the ability to recapitulate the findings of postmortem examinations, but also to provide novel insights into the organizational principles of nonhuman primate connectome and the functional interactions within it. These gains could only be made through in vivo studies. These advances are timely given the growing prominence of translational and comparative neuroscience studies in large-scale national and international initiatives focused on advancing our understanding of human brain function and ability to generate novel therapeutics for neurology and psychiatry.

Despite demonstrable feasibility and utility, the field of nonhuman primate imaging is only its infancy. Numerous challenges related to the acquisition and processing are still in the process of being worked out, and the bounds of what can be accomplished are only beginning to be explored. In this regard, the overarching goal of PRIMatE Data Exchange (PRIME-DE) is to create an open science resource for the neuroimaging community that will facilitate the mapping of the non-human primate connectome. To accomplish this, we will aggregate a combination of functional, diffusion and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets across laboratories around the world, and share the data with the larger scientific community.

The various webpages on the present site are intended to be informative regarding the PRIMatE Data Exchange (PRIME-DE). However, prior to data usage, we strongly recommend that you download and read the PRIMatE Data Exchange Data Descriptor.

Credits

Directors
Daniel Margulies¹, Michael Milham^2,3, Charlie Schroeder^3,4, Christopher I. Petkov⁵, Sabine Kastner⁶
Project Management
Michael Milham^2,3
Data organization
Nathalia Bianchini Esper², Ting Xu^2,3, Alexandre Franco ^2,3
Logo
Stacey Ascher²

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation at the Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, United States of America
Departments of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, the United States of America
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, the United States of America

Funding

Primary support for the work by Michael P. Milham and the INDI team was provided by gifts from Joseph P. Healy to the Child Mind Institute, as well as by the BRAIN Initiative (R01MH111439). MPM is a Randolph Cowen and Phyllis Green Scholar.

Primary support for the work by Charles Schroeder is provided by the BRAIN Initiative (R01MH111439) and the Sylvio O. Conte Center “Neurobiology and Dynamics of Active Sensing” (P50MH109429).

Primary support for the work by Daniel Margulies is provided by the Max Planck Society.

Data Collections

Study Site	Investigators	Species	Subjects	Scanner	State	Structural T1	Structural T2	Resting State fMRI	Naturalistic Viewing fMRI	Task fMRI	Fieldmap	Diffusion MRI	Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	Processed Data	Template Provided	Usage Agreement
Aix-Marseille Université	Brochier Sein	Macaca mulatta	4	Siemens Prisma 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔					✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
California Institute of Technology	Rejimehr Tsao	Macaca mulatta	2	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Awake				96 min							CC-BY-NC-SA
East China Normal University - Chen	Chen	Macaca mulatta	10	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔										CC-BY-NC-SA
East China Normal University - Kwok	Kowk Zhou	Macaca mulatta	4	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	8 min				✔	✔			CC-BY-NC-SA
Georgetown University	Archakov DeWitt Kuśmierek Ortiz-Rios VanMeter Sams Jääskeläinen Rauschecker	Macaca mulatta	2		Anesthetized	✔				✔				✔		CC-BY-NC-SA
Institute of Neuroscience	Wang	Macaca mulatta, Macaca fascicularis	8	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔		20-40 min			✔					CC-BY-NC-SA
Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod	Ben Hamed Hiba	Macaca mulatta, Macaca fascicularis	8	Siemens Sonata 1.5T Siemens Prisma 3T	Anesthetized/Awake	✔		✔								CC-BY-NC-SA
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center	Hadj-Bouziane Meunier Guedj	Macaca mulatta	4	Siemens Sonata 1.5T Siemens Prisma 3T	Awake	✔	✔	✔								CC-BY-NC-SA
McGill University	Mok Rudko Shmuel	Macaca mulatta	3	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔									CC-BY-NC-SA
Mount Sinai School of Medicine	Croxson Fleysher	Macaca mulatta	8	Philips Achieva 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	43 min			✔	✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
Mount Sinai School of Medicine	Croxson Fleysher Froudist-Walsh Damatac Nagy	Macaca mulatta	5	Siemens Skyra 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔					✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
Nathan Kline Institute	Schroeder Milham	Macaca mulatta	2	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized/Awake	✔		76-155 min	55-345 min							CC-BY-NC-SA
National Institute of Mental Health	Leopold Russ	Macaca mulatta	3	Bruker BioSpec Vertical 4.7T	Awake	✔	✔	30-150 min	170 min							DUA
National Institute of Mental Health	Messinger Jung Seidlitz Ungerleider	Macaca mulatta	3	Bruker BioSpec Vertical 4.7T	Anesthetized/Awake	✔		10-15 min						Cortical Thickness	✔	DUA
Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience	Klink Roelfsema	Macaca mulatta	2	Philips Ingenia 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	9.7 min								CC-BY-NC-SA
NeuroSpin	Jarraya Dehaene	Macaca mulatta	3	Siemens TIM Trio 3T Siemens Prisma Fit	Anesthetized	✔		✔				✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
Newcastle University	Petkov Nacef Thiele Poirier Balezeau Griffiths Schmid Rios	Macaca mulatta	14	Bruker Vertical 4.7T	Anesthetized/Awake	✔	✔	21.6 min								CC-BY-NC-SA
Oregon Health and Science University	Sullivan Fair	Macaca mulatta	2	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	480 min			✔					CC-BY-NC-SA
Princeton University	Kastner Pinsk	Macaca mulatta	2	Siemens Prisma VE11C 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	60 min			✔	✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
Rockefeller University	Schwiedrzik Freiwald Zarco	Macaca mulatta, Macaca fascicularis	6	Siemens TIM Trio 3T	Anesthetized	✔		80 min			✔					CC-BY-NC-SA
Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute	Procyk Wilson Amiez	Macaca mulatta, Macaca fascicularis	22	Siemens Sonata 1.5T Siemens Prisma 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	✔								CC-BY-NC-SA
University of California, Davis	Baxter Croxson Morrison	Macaca mulatta	19	Siemens Skyra 3T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	13.5 min			✔	✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
University of Minnesota	Yacoub Harel	Macaca mulatta	2	Siemens Syngo B17 7T	Anesthetized	✔		27 min			✔	✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
University of Oxford	Sallet Mars Rushworth	Macaca mulatta	20	[Undusclosed] 3T	Anesthetized	✔		53.43 min								CC-BY-NC-SA (See page for additional details)
University of Oxford (PM)	Mars Sallet	Macaca mulatta	6	Agilent 7T	Post-mortem							✔				CC-BY-NC-SA
NIN Primate Brain Bank/Utrecht University	Navarrete Blezer Todorov Lindenfors Laland Reader	See site page	51	Varian small-bore 9.4T Siemens Magnetom Trio 3T	Post-mortem	✔										CC-BY-NC-SA
University of Western Ontario	Everling Menon	Macaca mulatta	12	Siemens Magnetom 7T	Anesthetized	✔	✔	60 min								CC-BY-NC-SA
University of Wisconsin–Madison	Kalin Fox Oler Brin Tromp Alexander	Macaca mulatta	592	GE Discovery_MR750 3T GE Signa EXCITE 3T	Anesthetized	✔		16 min			✔	✔				CC-BY-NC-SA

Collection Details

PRIMatE RESOURCE EXCHANGE

Quality Assurance Protocol

Consistent with recent major FCP/INDI data releases, we made use of the Preprocessed Connectome Project Quality Assurance Protocol (QAP; Shehzad et al., 2013) to assess data quality for core MRI data modalities (i.e., functional MRI, morphometry MRI and diffusion MRI). More information about the quality control process used for HBN MRI data can be found at the PCP Quality Assurance Protocol webpage.

Usage Agreement

Data usage policies differ among the data collections to PRIME depending on the specific institutional and collaborative requirements identified by their contributions. For each collection, the contributor has set the sharing permissions for their data using one or more the following four policies. Usage policies are specified in the Data Collections Summary Table as well as on the individual webpages for the varying collections.

Creative Commons – Attribution-NonCommercial Share Alike (CC-BY-NC-SA)
Standard INDI data sharing policy. Prohibits use of the data for commercial purposes.
Creative Commons – Attribution (CC-BY)
Least restrictive data sharing policy.
Custom Data Usage Agreement (DUA)
Users must complete a data usage agreement (DUA) prior to gaining access to the data. Contributors can customize the agreement as they see fit, including determining whether or not signatures from authorized institutional official are required prior to executing the DUA.